Electric motor



T. R. ARDEN June 4, 1929.

ma azine MOTOR Filed Oct. 17, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 72 15 7/ 6 22 gwmmatovThoinasRd/irden June 4, 1929. ARDEN 1,715,811

' ELECTRIC MOTOR Filed Oct. 17, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Cit Patented June4, 1929.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS E. ARDEN, OF BALDWIN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR, TO AMERICAN FLYER MANU-FACTURING COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

ELECTRIC MOTOR.

Application filed October 1 7, 1927. Serial No. 226,741.

This invention relates to an electric motor of. low voltage type havingspecial features of construction which provide a simple, practical andreliable device that is not only economical to make, but easy toassemble and install.

' To that end the invention contemplates the provision of a motorincluding a two-pole revolving armature, a multiple-pole field formed bya steel stamping, and a single circuit revolving armature having singlebrush commutation;

Another object of the invention is to provide an electric motor ofsimple and practical design having a revolving armature withintermittent non-reversing polarity.

With the above and other objectsin view which will more readily appearas the nature of the invention is better understood, the same consistsin the novel construction, combination and arrangement of partshereinafter more fully described, illustrated and claimed.

A preferred and practical embodiment of the invention is shown in theaccompanying drawings, in which Figure'l isa side elevation of theimproved construction.

Figure 2 is a transverse sectional view taken on the line 22 of Figure1.

Figure 3 is a'vertical sectional view taken 7 onthe line 3-3 of Figure2.

Figure 1 is vertical cross sectional view taken on the line 4l-4 ofFigure 1.

Figure 5 is an enlarged detail view of the commutator.

Figure 6 is a side elevation of the commutator shown in Figure 5.

Similar reference characters designate corresponding parts throughoutthe several figures of the drawings.

In carrying the invention into effect it is proposed to provide a motorwhich may be made as far as possible by the use of stamped parts to notonly facilitate the manufacture thereof but also permit of readilyassembling the parts rapidly and accurately without special skill,thereby providing an inexpensive practical and reliable motorconstruction having a wide range of uses.

As will be observed from the drawing the invention includes in itsorganization, an inert or stationary field member F which is preferablyin the form of a body plate 1 having a plurality of laterally offsetpole pieces 2. The said body plate may be grounded as indicated at 3 andis provided with a central opening 4 for receiving one end of thearmature shaft as will presently appear. The ends of the spaced offsetpole pieces 2 may be castellated or otherwise formed as indicated at 5thereby to interlock with and engage with the key portion 6 of the arm 7of an insulating plate 8 which provides a face or cover for the armatureand commutator elements as will presently appear. The said insulatingplate 8 is provided with an opening 9 for permitting contact between thearmature and a brush, and is also provided with a central opening 10 forreceiving the other end of the armature shaft whereby the latter will berotatably supported between the metallic plate 1 of the field and theinsulating plate 8. Vith the arrangement described it will be apparentthat the field member F as well as the insulating plate 8 may be readilyformed by machine stamping methods so that these two parts can bereadily assembled after they have been properly equipped and designed torender the final assembly of the motor a simple and expeditiousoperation.

Referring further to the insulating plate 8 it will be observed that thesame has fastened thereto, as by the eyelet, rivet or the like 11, asingle brush 12 which constitutes one of the motor terminals andsupplies current to the armature. The said plate also carries therewitha suitable spring member 13 made of phosphor bronze or the like forproviding a suitable ground connection for the armature.

The brush 12 is provided with a knife edge commutator contactldwhich isyieldingly held againstthe commutator G thereby to convey current to theradial arms thereof.

The said commutator C preferably consists of a fiber or other insulatingdisc 15 carrying therewith a metallic commutator element 16 having aplurality of radial arms 17. And, to insure the proper mounting of thecommutator with reference to the armature designated as A, the arms 17may be extended to carry the cross arms 18 which partially embrace theoppositely disposed coils 19 of the armature A. Insulation 20 may beinterposed between the cross arms 18 and the wires forming the coils 19.In that connection, however, it may be pointed out that the insulation20 may be dispensed with if desired, the primary object of the crossarms 20 commutator are mounted is provided with a central opening 21 toreceive the armature shaft 22 as will be readily apparent from thedrawings.

The said armature A includes in addition to the shaft 22, the coils 19previously referred to whichsurround a common soft iron core 23. It willbe noted from Figure 2 that the said core 23 is preferably diametricallydrilled to receive the armature shaft 22 so that the magnets composed bythe coils 19 and core 23 are rigidly mounted on the armature shaft 22.As will be seen from Figures 2 and 4: the end of one of the coils 19 isconnected to one-of the radial arms 17 of the armature while the otherend of the coil is connected as indicated at 19 withthe opposite coilwhose free end 19 is connected to the metallic armature shaft 22 whichis journaled in the metallic plate 1 of the field F and also in theinsulating plate 8, as previously explained. It will therefore beapparent that the armature A includes the armature shaft 22 with thesoft iron core 23 securely mounted thereto and the said core carryingthe coils 19. The operation of the device may be briefly described asfollows :Assume that the current is supplied to the brush 12 and thebrush contact 14 is engaged with one of the commutator arms 17, currentwill pass from the brush 12 to the commutator plate to the coils 19, andthence to ground on armature shaft 22 which is in contact with thespring 13. Thus the current returns to the source through brush 12. Thiscauses the end 23 of the pole piece of the magnets to be charged with amagnetic field, pulling the ends 23 from the position they occupy at thetime the circuit is closed over tothe next pair of pole pieces 2 atwhich time contact 14 has completely passed over commutator arm 17 andbears on the insulation intervening between the arms, relying on themomentum of the armature A to carry the contact 14 to the next arm 17.Vihen 1e and 17 again cont-act the operation above described again takesplace,

that is, the magnets are again energized and then the circuit is brokenwhen 14 bears on the I insulating disc While the momentum of thearmature then completes the circuit and so on, thereby giving acontinuous rotating movement to the armature. Since the armature issecurely fastened to the shaft 22 the same iscaused to turn, andtherefore from this shaft power can be obtained to operate the devicesfor which the motor is designed.

'VVithout further description it is thought that the features andadvantages of the invention willbe readily apparent to those skilled inthe art, and it Will of course be understood that changes in the form,proportionand minor details of construction may be resorted to, withoutdeparting from the spirit of the' invention and scope of the appendedclaims.

I claim V a 1. An electric motor comprising an inert stator having aplurality of spaced polepiec-es, an armature rotatably mounted in saidstator, and a commutator carried by and insulatedfrom said armature, anelectrical connection between said commutator and the coils of thearmature, a brushfor engaging With the metallic portions of saidcommutator and means carried by said commutator for positivelypositioning the same with respect to the armature.

2. An electric motor including a metallic field member comprising ametallic body plate having a plurality of offset pole pieces, aninsulating plate carried by said pole pieces, an armature including a.shaft journaled respectively in said field member and the insulatingplate, coils carried by said armature, a commutator including aninsulating disk mounted on said shaft in a fixed position with referenceto said coils, a metallic member on said disk having spaced arms, anelectric connection between said member and one of the coils, asinglebrush member carried by the insulating plate and adapted'to'alternately engage with said arms and the insulating disk, and a contactmember carried by the insulating plate and engaging with said armatureshaft.

3. An electric motor including a metallic field member formed from asteel stamping and comprising a body plate and a plurality of offsetspaced pole-pieces, an insulating plate carried by the ends of saidpole-pieces, and a two or more pole revolving armature of intermittentnon-reversing polarity including a shaft ournaled respectively in thebody of the field member and said insulating plate.-

4. An electric motor including afield member comprising a metallic steelplate having a body provided with spaced pole-pieces, an insulatingplate carried by said pole pieces, and a combined armature andcommutator unit arranged between said insulating plate and the body ofthe field member and including a shaft, said armature having two polesof intermittent non-reversing polarity, and a single brush carried bythe insulating plate and adapted for engagement with the commutator.

5. An electric motor comprising a housing formed of a metallic platehaving laterally offset portions and an insulating plate fitted .to theend of said portions, and a rotating unit journaled in said housing andincluding a two or more pole revolving armature of intermittentnon-reversing polarity and a revolving armature, and a single brushcarried by said housing for engagingwith said commutator.

6. An electricmotor including a housing formed from a metallic platehaving a plurality of laterally offset spaced pole pieces and aninsulating plate fitted to the ends of said pole-pieces, and a rotorunit mounted Within the housing and comprising an armature shaftjournaled in said housing, a soft iron core carried by said shaft, coilsconnected in series carried by opposite ends of, said core, a commutatorincluding an insulating disk fitted to said shaft, a metallic platehaving a plurality of spaced arms carried by said disk, an electricalconnection between said commutator plate and one of the coils and theother of said coils being grounded to the armature shaft, and a brushmounted on said insulating plate and adapted to engage and disengagewith said commutator arms.

7. An electric motor including an inert stator having a plurality ofspaced offset pole-pieces, an insulating plate carried by saidpole-pieces, an armature shaft journalled between said stator and plate,an armature carried by said shaft, coils carried by said armature, acommutator carried by and insulated from said armature, an electricalconnection between said commutator and said coils, a brush for engagingsaid commutator, and positioning clips carried by said commutatoradapted to engage said coils to positively position the commutator Withrespect to the armature.

In testimony whereof I hereunto afiix my signature.

' THOMAS R. ARDEN.

